Myths of the Sun and the Moon

1/ Mythology of the Sun
In Greek mythology, Apollo - son of Zeus - is the god of the Sun. He is also believed as the god of logic, music and even healing. The most famous temple of Apollo is the temple of Apollo at Delphi.

The Temple of Apollo at Delphi

With Japanese people, the Sun is represented by a woman - the goddess Amaterasu. There is a story that Amaterasu used to hide in a cave of heaven when she was treated badly by her brother. This made the world be covered in darkness. In order to made Amaterasu come out of the cave, other gods organized a party near the cave. Finally, Amaterasu came out of the cave and the light covered the world.

2/ Mythology of the Moon
Ancient Chinese people believed that there were 12 different moons and each moon represented for one month of a year. The mother of these moons is Heng-o. At the beginning of each month, Heng-o washed her children in a lake at the western side of the world. The each moon would travel in 1 month until it reached the eastern side of the word.

In Greek mythology, Artemis - Apollo's twin sister - was the goddess of the moon. She was also the goddess of the hunt. According to Greek legend, she had fierce temper. She and Apollo used to killed most of the children of Niobe, who had insulted her mother Leto.

References:
http://www.ancient-greece.org/images/ancient-sites/delphi/apollo-temple23.jpg
http://www.windows.ucar.edu/tour/link=/mythology/Definitions_gods/Apollo_def.html
http://www.windows.ucar.edu/tour/link=/mythology/amaterasu_sun.html
http://www.windows.ucar.edu/tour/link=/mythology/artemis.html
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Diane_de_Versailles_Leochares.jpg